---
title: "Upsert Rows"
url: "https://help.flows.world/en/article/upsert-rows"
language: "en"
last_updated: "2025-12-12T01:27:57.543Z"
---

# Upsert Rows

The Upsert Rows stage inserts a new row, or if it already exists (based on a unique column), updates that row instead. This is useful for syncing data when you don't know if a record exists.

**Overview**

**Input Parameters**

| **Parameter** | **Variable** | **Required** | **Description** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Table Name | {{tableName}} | Yes | The name of the table to upsert into |
| Body Payload | {{bodyPayload}} | Yes | JSON string containing the row data |
| On Conflict | {{onConflict}} | Yes | Unique column(s) to check for existing rows |

  
 

**How It Works**

| **If Row with Conflict Column Value...** | **Action** |
| --- | --- |
| Does NOT exist | INSERT new row |
| Already exists | UPDATE existing row |

  
 

**On Conflict Options**

**Single Column:**

**email**

**Multiple Columns (Composite Key):**

**warehouse\_id,product\_id**

**Important: The column(s) specified in onConflict must have a unique constraint in your Supabase table.**

  
 

**Output**

| **Output** | **Variable** | **Description** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Upserted Rows | {{upsertedRows}} | Array containing the inserted or updated row |
| Success | {{success}} | Boolean indicating if the operation succeeded |

  
 

**Usage Examples**

**Example 1: Upsert with Single Unique Column**

| **Parameter** | **Value** |
| --- | --- |
| tableName | users |
| bodyPayload | "{\\"email\\": \\"john@example.com\\", \\"name\\": \\"John Doe\\", \\"status\\": \\"active\\"}" |
| onConflict | email |

  
 

**Example 2: Upsert with Composite Key**

| **Parameter** | **Value** |
| --- | --- |
| tableName | inventory |
| bodyPayload | "{\\"warehouse\_id\\": 1, \\"product\_id\\": 100, \\"quantity\\": 50}" |
| onConflict | warehouse\_id,product\_id |

  
 

**Example 3: Sync External Data**

| **Parameter** | **Value** |
| --- | --- |
| tableName | products |
| bodyPayload | "{\\"sku\\": \\"ABC-123\\", \\"name\\": \\"Widget\\", \\"price\\": 29.99, \\"stock\\": 100}" |
| onConflict | sku |

  
 

**When to Use Upsert vs Insert vs Update**

| **Scenario** | **Use** | **Why** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| User registration | Insert | Should error if email exists |
| Edit user profile | Update | User must exist |
| Sync from external API | Upsert | Don't know if record exists |
| Import CSV data | Upsert | Avoid duplicates automatically |
| Track daily stats | Upsert | Create first time, update after |